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Old Tejon Pass
The Old Tejon Pass (originally ''Tejon Pass''), is a mountain pass in the Tehachapi Mountains linking Southern and Central California. The pass is located in Kern County, California, fifteen miles to the northeast of the present Tejon Pass. It runs at the top of a divide between a point about five miles east of the Rancho Tejon boundary in Tejon Creek Canyon, and Cottonwood Creek Canyon north of Antelope Valley. It lies at an elevation of , and sits between two peaks of (to the west) and (to the east).
==History==
The ancient native trail which utilized what is now known as the Old Tejon Pass was found and explored in 1772 by Spanish explorer Pedro Fages.〔Smith, Jedediah S., (G. Rogers ), and George R. Brooks (ed.). ''The Southwest Expedition of Jedediah S. Smith: His Personal Account of the Journey to California, 1826–1827''. Lincoln and London, University of Nebraska Press, () 1989, p134-5. ISBN 978-0-8032-9197-3〕 The pass was used in 1776 by missionary explorer, padre Francisco Garcés. In 1806, Lt. Francisco Ruiz named it ''Tejon Pass'' while on an expedition into the San Joaquin Valley. Ruiz also named Tejon Canyon and Tejon Creek, all referencing the dead badger (or ''tejón'') he had found at the canyon mouth.
In early 1827, the first overland American exploratory journey to California, led by Jedediah Smith, used the pass to move northwest from Antelope Valley into San Joaquin Valley, led by Native American guides familiar with the pass.〔
Rancho El Tejón, a large 1843 Mexican land grant in the Tehachapi Mountains, was headquartered below the pass along Tejon Creek. Eventually, a road running straight north (from Elizabeth Lake), across westernmost Antelope Valley, and then over this Tejon Pass evolved. This route to the pass diverted from the El Camino Viejo at Elisabeth Lake, and from 1849 to before 1854 it was the main road connecting the southern part of the state to the trail along the eastern side of the San Joaquin Valley to the goldfields to the north.〔( ''Where Rolls the Kern: a History of Kern County, California'' ); Herbert G. Comfort; Enterprise Press; Moorpark, Ca; 1934; (#255); Chapter IV, "The Founding of Fort Tejon; pp. 21-52. "Before 1854, the' main line of travel into the valley was straight North from Elizabeth Lake across Antelope Valley, entering the San Joaquin by way of the original Tejon Pass, at the head of Tejon Creek, above the present headquarters of Tejon Rancho. The establishment of the Fort Diverted this general travel to the West almost 29 miles to the present Tejon Pass, then known as Fort Tejon Pass. As the Tejon Creek Pass was abandoned, the name Tejon Pass came to be used solely for the pass leading into Canada de las Uvas."〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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